ARDS

Diagnostic Criteria for ARDS (Berlin)

  • Acute onset — within one week
  • Bilateral infiltrates on the frontal chest radiograph, not fully explained by effusions, lobar or lung collapse, or nodules
  • Respiratory failure not fully explained by cardiac failure or fluid overload — if no risk factors are present, hydrostatic edema should be ruled out
  • Severity based on PaO₂/FiO₂ ratio (with PEEP ≥ 5 cm H₂O):
    • Mild: 200–300 mmHg
    • Moderate: 100–200 mmHg
    • Severe: < 100 mmHg